Biomimetic fractal electrode designs are proposed for electrochemical devices including miniature energy conversion devices and sensors. A zeroth order approximation fractal structure is analyzed and basic insights into the scaling laws of its electrical properties and surface to area ratio are derived. Fractal geometry is an optimal method of scaling electrochemical devices while minimizing internal resistance and maximizing surface to volume ratios. Recent advances in nanotechnology and C-MEMS that show great promise in facilitating the fabrication of fractal electrodes for electrochemical applications are detailed. copyright The Electrochemical Society.
